C-language tutorials Chapter 1

Humans have natural intelligence to do many kind of work.
He needs artificial intelligence too to do some special tasks, e.g.  Repetitive tasks without error. 
24x7 work without quality loss and with less energy & cost/expense.  Harmful, hazardous works: thermal reactors, nuclear reactors, steel plants etc.  Remote end works satellites, telemedicine, industrial sites etc.  Manipulating huge database: population, weather monitoring, power grid etc. The Digital Computer is one such AI [Artificial Intelligent] device, which built using semiconductors and uses binary digits for its computing process.

What is Binary Number System?

Mr.Shanan explained information quantity in BIT form, it implemented in computer science in 1948 to represent data storing and manipulation. Tomorrow SUN will RISE. -
Definite incident, detail is universal - so information quantity is zero. Baby is Male or Female. –
Two possibilities - information quantity is one bit [Gender=1 for male, 0 for female]. Colour of Baby is either Black or Brown or White. Three possibilities - information quantity is two bit [Colour=00 for nil, 01 for black, 10 for Brown, 11 for White]. It is easy to design circuit using semiconductor materials, which manipulate huge amount of this binary numbered data efficiently with enormous speed and accuracy.
So,
1 or 0 = BIT [Binary digiT] single unit 0000 to 1111 = 1 Nibble or 4 bits 0000 0000 to 1111 1111 = 1 Byte or 8 bits